Uburyo ikoranabuhanga rya laser cladding rihindura imiterere ya impellers

Uburyo ikoranabuhanga rya laser cladding rihindura imiterere ya impellers

Mu nganda z'imashini, imashini zitwara imizigo zimeze nk'imitima idacogora, zitwara sisitemu zigoye kuva kuri moteri z'indege kugeza ku mashini nini zikoresha amazi. Ariko, kwangirika, ingese, no kunanirwa, kimwe n'umuhanga mu by'igihe, bisiga inkovu zidasibangana kuri ibyo bice bizenguruka vuba cyane. Iyo uburyo gakondo bwo gusana bugeze ku iherezo ryabwo, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kuvugurura ryitwa "laser cladding" riha ibyo bice by'ingenzi "ubuzima bwa kabiri" hamwe n'ubuhanga bwabyo bwo kubaga n'ubumaji.

I. Gupfuka imitako hakoreshejwe laser: Ubumaji bw'icyuma kuri microscale

Ihame ry'ingenzi ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo gupfuka imirasire ya laser ni ubuhanga bugezweho bwo gukoresha ibyuma bicungwa neza kandi bugenzurwa, buboneka mu ntera ya milimetero. Ikoresha icyuma gishyushya cyane (ubusanzwe 10^4~10^6 W/cm²) nk'isoko y'ubushyuhe kugira ngo ikore ako kanya ikidendezi gito gishongeshejwe ku buso bw'icyuma cyangiritse. Mu gihe kimwe, ifu y'ibirungo bya alloy itangwa mbere cyangwa mu buryo buhuye (nk'ibirungo bishingiye kuri nikeli, cobalt, cyangwa tungsten carbide reinforced) ishyirwa muri iki kidendezi gishongeshejwe, bigatuma ibyuma bihuzwa vuba n'ibikoresho bya micro-shonge. Igikorwa cyose, kirimo gushonga, kuvanga, gukwirakwiza, no gukomera vuba, kirangira mu masegonda cyangwa milisegonda, kigakora irangi rikomeye, rifite isano ikomeye n'icyuma hamwe n'imiterere n'imiterere igenzurwa cyane. Ibi bisa no "gukora ibintu bishya" no "gusudira neza" intwaro ikomeye cyane ku bice by'ingenzi bya impeller.

II. Ibyiza by'ikoranabuhanga: Ubuhanga, Ingufu, Ubukungu, no Kubungabunga ibidukikije

Ugereranije n'uburyo gakondo bwo gusana nko gusudira no gutera ubushyuhe, gupfuka imigozi hakoreshejwe laser bigaragaza ibyiza bitagereranywa mu rwego rwo kuvugurura impeller:

1. Ubushyuhe buke cyane n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere: Ingufu za laser ziba nyinshi cyane, kandi agace gaterwa n'ubushyuhe ni gato cyane (ubusanzwe ni 0.1-1mm), bishobora gukumira impinduka mu bushyuhe n'umuvuduko usigaye w'ibice bifite inkuta nto cyangwa ibipimo nk'imashini zikoresha ingufu za elegitoroniki ku rugero runini kandi bigatuma zikora neza.

2. Imbaraga zitagira urugero zo guhuza: Imbaraga zo guhuza ibyuma zikoreshwa mu gufunga ibyuma ziruta kure iz’imyambaro ikoreshwa mu gufunga ikoreshwa mu gushyushya, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gufunga, ikagera kuri 70%-90% by’ibikoresho by’ibanze, bigatuma imashini ikomeza gukora neza kandi idacika iyo ikoze mu buryo bugoye bw’umuvuduko mwinshi n’umuvuduko mwinshi.

3. Imikorere yo gusiga "ishobora gutegurwa": Mu gushushanya neza sisitemu y'ifu y'inzoga, ahantu runaka h'impeller hashobora guhabwa ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika, kurwanya ingese, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, cyangwa imiterere ivanze, "gukoresha gusa ibikenewe no gutanga imiterere ikenewe gusa".

4. Ubuhanga bwo gutunganya neza no kunoza ubuso: Ubugari bw'igitambaro bushobora kugenzurwa neza hagati ya mm 0.2-3, kandi ubuso bukaba burambuye hamwe n'uburyo buke bwo gutunganya, ndetse no kurema ishusho ya hafi y'urushundura bishobora kugerwaho.

5. Inyungu zikomeye ku bukungu bushingiye ku bidukikije: Amafaranga yo gusana ni 30%-50% gusa by’ikorwa ry’ibice bishya, ingufu n’ibikoresho bizigama birenga 60%, kandi igihe cyose cy’ingufu zo mu bwoko bwa impeller kiragabanuka cyane, bigatuma biba urugero rwiza rw’ubukungu buzenguruka n’iterambere rirambye.

III. Uburyo bwo gupfuka: Kuva kuri 3D Scanning kugeza kuri Fine Finishing

Kuvugurura imashini zikoresha ...

1. Isuzuma ry'ibyangiritse no guhindura imiterere y'ibintu mu buryo bwa 3D: Ubwa mbere, ikizamini kitangiza gikorerwa kuri impeller ishaje, kandi haboneka icyitegererezo nyacyo cy’ahantu hangiritse hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa 3D scanning.

2. Gutegura inzira n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'inzira: Hashingiwe ku cyitegererezo, inzira nziza yo gupima umutwe wa laser irateganywa, kandi ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere nk'imbaraga za laser zihuye, umuvuduko wo gupima, n'igipimo cyo gutanga ifu biragenwa.

3. Gutegura mbere yo kuvura hifashishijwe substrate: Ahantu hakorerwa isuku ikomeye, hasukurwa, hagakurwaho umwanda no gushya. Hari igihe hakenerwa gushyushya kugira ngo hagabanuke ubushyuhe.

4. Gupfuka no Gukurikirana Imikorere mu Buhanga: Mu gihe cy’imikorere ya sisitemu ya CNC cyangwa robo, umutwe wa laser ugenda mu nzira yagenwe mbere y’igihe, ugatanga ifu mu buryo buhuye kandi bunoze, kandi imiterere y’ikidendezi gishongeshejwe ikurikiranwa mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo hamenyekane ko ubuziranenge buhamye.

5. Isuzuma ry'imikorere nyuma yo gutunganya no gukora: Nyuma yo gupfuka, hashobora gukorwa uburyo bwo kugabanya imihangayiko, hiyongereyeho uburyo bukenewe bwo gutunganya kugira ngo icyuma gisubize neza. Amaherezo, hakorwa igenzura rikomeye ry’ibipimo, ritangiza, n’imikorere.

IV. Kuvuka bundi bushya: Kongera imikorere no kongera kubona agaciro

Impellers zavuguruwe zikoresheje laser cladding akenshi zigira uruhare runini mu mikorere rusange, ndetse zikanarusha imikorere y'ibicuruzwa bishya:

Ku bijyanye n'imikorere: Ubukana bw'ibice by'ingenzi (nk'inkombe y'umwuka n'umutwe w'icyuma) bushobora kwiyongera kugeza ku nshuro 2-3 z'ibikoresho by'ibanze, kandi igihe cyo kudashira cyongerwa inshuro 3-10; ubushobozi bwo kudashira no kudashira bugera ku ntera nziza. Urugero, nyuma y'uko impeller ya pompe y'amazi ya sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi ipfundikiwe na aloi ishingiye kuri cobalt, igihe cyo kudashira cyayo cyiyongereyeho inshuro zirenga 5.

Urwego rwa jeometri: Isana neza cyangwa ikananoza imiterere y'igishushanyo mbonera cy'umwimerere, ikerekana ko hydraulic ikora neza kandi ko ikirere gikora neza.

Urwego rw'ubukungu: Bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo gusana ibikoresho n'ikiguzi cyo kugura ibikoresho bisimbura ibindi, bigabanya igihombo mu gihe cyo kudakora neza kw'ibikoresho.

Urwego rw'ingamba: Iri koranabuhanga rifite akamaro kanini mu kugenzura imikorere y’ibikoresho by’ingenzi mu gihe kirekire mu nzego z’ingenzi nk’amashanyarazi, peteroli, kubaka amato, n’indege, no kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho bisimbura ibyatumijwe mu mahanga.

Umwanzuro

Kuva ku ngingo zikomeye zo guhuza ibyuma kugeza ku ivugurura rya macroscopic rya impellers, ikoranabuhanga ryo gupfuka imitako rya laser rigaragaza neza ubumwe bw' "ubuhanga" n' "imbaraga" mu nganda zigezweho. Si uburyo bwo gusana gusa, ahubwo ni uburyo buhindura imikorere kandi bukaba ari uburyo bwo gukora ibintu budaheza. Hamwe no guhuza cyane ikoranabuhanga ry'ubwenge n'ikoranabuhanga hamwe no gutunganya imitako ya laser, gupfuka imitako ya laser nta gushidikanya ko bizandika inkuru nyinshi mu nganda mu rwego runini rwo kuvugurura ibikoresho bigezweho.