Isesengura ry'ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo kuvugurura icyuma gikingira imirasire mu birombe ku bice byangiritse mu mashini

Mu rwego rw’ubuhanga mu by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, imimerere ikabije yo gukoreramo iracyari ikibazo gikomeye kibangamira imikorere ihamye y’ibikoresho. Ahantu ho gucukura amabuye y’agaciro munsi y’ubutaka harafunganye kandi ni hato, aho ivumbi ryinshi rikomeza kwangiza ubuso bw’ibikoresho. Mu gihe cyo gukuramo amakara, ingaruka zikunze kubaho hagati y’amenyo aciwe n’amabuye akomeye y’amakara, hamwe no gushwanyagurika gukomeye hagati y’ibikoresho byo gucukura n’ibikoresho, byihutisha kwangirika kw’ibice. Hagati aho, ubutare bwinshi n’ibidukikije bitose mu mazi y’ibirombe bitera kwangirika gukomeye kw’amashanyarazi. Ibi bitera ibibazo bikomeye nko kwangirika gukabije, gutobora bitewe n’ingufu, no gushwanyagurika kw’ubuso mu bice by’ingenzi birimo amenyo yo gukata amakara, inkingi zishyigikira hydraulic z’uburyo bwo gucukura bw’imashini zose, n’ibice byo gucukura amakara. Kwangirika kw’ibi bice mbere y’igihe ntibyongera gusa igihe cyo kudakora kw’ibikoresho ahubwo binatuma ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga n’ingaruka z’umutekano mu bikorwa by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro birushaho kwiyongera.

Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikomeye gikemuke, guhuza ikoranabuhanga ryo gupfuka ubuso bwa laser rikoresha imbaraga nyinshi hamwe n'ifu yihariye ya alloy idashobora kwangirika byahinduye uburyo bwo kongera gukora ibikoresho by'imashini zicukura zananiwe. Binyuze mu gukoresha imirasire ya laser ifite ingufu nyinshi nk'isoko y'ubushyuhe, ubu buryo bushya bushyira ifu ya alloy ku buso bwo gusana intego. Mu gihe cyo gukoresha imirasire ya laser, ibice bya alloy birashonga kandi bigakomera vuba hamwe na substrate, bigakora irangi rishyigikiwe n'icyuma. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza butandukanye cyane n'ibikoresho bisanzwe nk'irangi rya electroplating na spray, bikuraho ibyago byo gutandukana kw'irangi mugihe hashyirwaho ishingiro ry'imiterere y'ibice binoze.​

Imiterere y'ifu yihariye ya aloyi ishonga ubwayo idashira ni imwe mu ngingo z'ikoranabuhanga. Ubusanzwe ikoresha aloyi zishingiye kuri nikeli, ishingiye ku cyuma, cyangwa cobalt nk'imatrices, izi fu zikwirakwiza mu buryo bumwe uduce dukomeye cyane nka WC, Cr₃C₂, na TiC. Mu kongeramo ibintu nka Cr, Mo, na Si, gukomera kwa aloyi no kudakomera kwa corruption biranozwa. Uduce dukomeye dushobora kongera ubukana bwa coatings kuri HRC55-65, bikarwanya neza ingaruka za canales n'ibintu bishyamirana. Hagati aho, matrix ikomeye igabanya uburemere bw'ingaruka, ikarinda kuvunika kwa strike mu coatings no kugera ku mikorere "ikomeye ariko idacikagurika".​

Mu buryo bwihariye bwo kuvugurura imikorere, iri koranabuhanga rigaragaza umwihariko n'imikorere myiza cyane. Ku mashini zicukura amakara n'imashini zicukura amenyo yo mu miyoboro, ubuso bw'inyuma bw'icyuma bukora nk'agace k'ingenzi gahuza amabuye y'amakara. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupfuka ibyuma hakoreshejwe laser rishobora gukora neza irangi ry'ubugari bwa mm 3-5 ku buso bw'ikirahure. Uduce dukomeye turi mu irangi dukora nk' "intwaro" yo kurwanya kwangirika kw'amabuye y'amakara, mu gihe irangi rikomeye rifata ingufu, rikongera igihe cyo gukora inshuro 2-3 ugereranije n'ibice bishya mu bihe bigoye by'imiterere y'ubutaka. Ku batwara ibikoresho byo gupfuka ibyuma nk'imiyoboro yo hagati n'imiyoboro yo guhindura imiterere, irangi ridapfuka ibyuma rigabanya kwangirika cyane mu gihe cyo gutwara ibikoresho. Imiyoboro yo hagati yasabaga gusimburwa buri mezi 3-6 ubu imara amezi 12-24 nyuma yo kongera gukora. Ku nkingi z'icyuma zitagira umugese mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye bwa hydraulic butanga imbaraga zirambye mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'amakara n'ivumbi, imiterere gakondo yo gupfuka ibyuma bya chrome ishobora kwangirika bitewe n'imivundo ishobora gusimbuzwa. Imyambaro irinda ingese kandi idashira ya laser ntabwo itandukanya gusa ibikoresho byangiza, ahubwo inahangana no kwangirika kw'inkingi mu gihe cyo kwagura/gufunga inkingi, yongera inshuro zirenga enye mu kubungabunga. Ku bikoresho byangiritse n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu mu buryo bwo kohereza ibikoresho, ikoranabuhanga rya laser rigarura ubuziranenge bw'ibipimo binyuze mu gupfuka mu gihe rinoza imiterere y'ibikoresho kugira ngo byongere ubudahangarwa bw'umunaniro, rituma habaho imikorere ihamye yo kohereza ibikoresho. Shyiraho uburyo bwo gukora.

Ugereranyije n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gusimbuza ibice, ikoranabuhanga ryo kuvugurura ubuso bwa laser ntiryongera gusa igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho by'ingenzi inshuro 2-4, ahubwo rinatuma ibikoresho byasigaye bikoreshwa neza, rigabanya cyane icyifuzo cy'ibikorwa by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro ku bice bishya. Amakuru agaragaza ko iri koranabuhanga rigabanya igihe cyo kudakora imashini ku bipimo birenga 60% kandi rigabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga buri mwaka ku kigero cya 30%-50%. Nubwo rikomeza gukora, rirushaho kunoza ubukungu no kubungabunga ibidukikije mu bikorwa by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Ubu buryo bwo kuvugurura "gusana no gusimbuza no kunoza imikorere" burimo kuba ingenzi mu ikoranabuhanga mu guteza imbere ibidukikije no gukoresha neza ibikoresho by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro.