Gupfuka imigozi hakoreshejwe laser: "kuvugurura" ibice by'ubuhanga bya moteri y'ikirere

Moteri z’ikirere, zizwiho kuba "ibuye ry'agaciro" mu nganda zigezweho, zihangana n'ibibazo bidashira hamwe n'ibice byazo by'ingenzi nk'ibyuma bya turbine bifite umuvuduko mwinshi n'ibikoresho byo gutwara ibintu. Ibi bice by'ingenzi bihora bihangana n'ubushyuhe bukabije, igitutu, n'umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka. Umunaniro utangira gucika bucece, amenyo y'ibikoresho arashira mu gihe cyo kuyashyiramo, kandi imitwe y'ibyuma ikagira ingaruka mbi ku kuzenguruka kw'umuvuduko mwinshi. Nubwo bisa nkaho ari bito, izi nenge zigaragara zikora nk'"inanirwa ry'ingingo" ryihishe - rigatera kwangirika k'imikorere no kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa rya lisansi, ndetse no kwangirika gukabije mu bihe bibi. Gusana "gusimbuza" bisanzwe birahenda kandi bifata igihe, mu gihe iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya laser cladding ubu ritanga igisubizo gihindura uburyo bwo kuvugurura ibi bice by'ingenzi.

Gupfuka ingirabuzimafatizo hakoreshejwe laser: "guteranya uturemangingo" mu buryo bunoze

Gupfuka imirasire ya laser ni byinshi cyane kuruta "gusiga irangi" ryoroshye ku buso - ni ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kuvugurura rituma habaho guhuza ibyuma ku rwego rwa molekile. Inzira nyamukuru ikubiyemo gukoresha umurasire wa laser ufite ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo hakorwe ibigega bya micro-melt mu bice byangiritse, mu gihe icyarimwe hashyirwamo ifu y'icyuma yakozwe mu buryo bwihariye kandi bunoze. Izi fu zishonga ako kanya, zigafatana neza n'ibikoresho by'ibanze, kandi zigakomera binyuze mu gukonjesha vuba. Uburyo bwose busa n' "kubaga mikorosikoro":

Gushyira ahantu nyaburanga neza: Umurabyo wa laser ugera ku buryo bwo gushyira ibintu mu mwanya wa micron, wibanda ku bice byangiritse mu buryo bwihariye mu gihe urinda substrates nzima, ukomeza ubusugire n'imbaraga by'ibice byawo ku rugero runini.

Kuvuka bundi bushya mu byuma: Urusobe rw'ibipfundikizo rukora isano ikomeye y'icyuma n'ubutaka, rugera ku mbaraga zo guhuza zirenga 400MPa - rurenze uburyo busanzwe bwo gutera ubushyuhe (50-100MPa) ku rugero rwa gatatu - rukuraho neza ibyago byo gukurura irangi.

Imikorere yihariye: Mu guhitamo ifu ihuye n’ifatizo cyangwa iy’urwego rwo hejuru (harimo aloyi zishyuha cyane, aloyi zishingiye kuri cobalt/nickel zidashira, ndetse n’ibinyabutabire bya ceramic), dushobora kongera ubushobozi bwo gusana ahantu hakorerwa ubushyuhe, kudashira, kudashira, no kudashira binyuze mu kunoza imiterere y’ibikoresho.

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gusana ibice: imikorere myiza irenze "gusimbuza"

Kuvugurura Impama y'Inkoni: Gushira kw'inkombe z'icyuma cyangwa kwangirika bishobora kwangiza imiterere y'ikirere, bigagabanya cyane imikorere ya moteri. Gupfuka hakoreshejwe laser bituma habaho gusana neza inenge no kugarura imiterere y'ikirere. Ifu yihariye ifite ubudahangarwa bukabije bw'ubushyuhe kurusha ibikoresho by'umwimerere (nk'imyambaro ya MCrAlY irimo okiside y'ubutaka idasanzwe) ishobora gukoreshwa, yongera ubudahangarwa ku bushyuhe bwinshi mu gihe cyo gusana icyuma. Nyuma yo gusana icyuma gipfuka hakoreshejwe laser, ibyuma bya turbine bifite umuvuduko mwinshi bivuye mu bwoko runaka byagaragaje imbaraga z'ubushyuhe bwinshi ku kigero cya 10-15% kurusha ibyuma bishya, bigatuma igihe cyo gukora kirushaho kuba kirekire.

Gukomeza amenyo y'ibikoresho: Gutera amenyo ku ruhu, kuyatera, cyangwa kuyasaza ni uburyo busanzwe bwo kwangirika. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupfuka amenyo hakoreshejwe laser rishobora "gukura" urwego rukomeye kandi rudapfa kwangirika (nk'icyuma cya Stellite 6 gishingiye kuri cobalt gifite ubukana bugera kuri HRC 40-50) ku ruhu rw'amenyo rwashaje. Uruhu rw'amenyo rwasubiwemo ntirugarura gusa imiterere nyayo y'amenyo ahubwo akenshi rugera ku mikorere y'ibice bishya mu bijyanye no kwangirika. Ikoreshwa ry'ingirakamaro rigaragaza ko ibikoresho by'indege byasanwe na laser bishobora kongera igihe cyo kunanirwa gukoranaho ku kigero cya 200%-300%, mu gihe bigabanya neza urusaku rw'amajwi n'imitingito.

Ibirenze gusana: Iterambere ry'imikorere n'agaciro k'icyatsi kibisi

Agaciro k'uburinzi bwa laser karenze kure "gusana":

Kuvugurura imikorere: Uburyo bwo gusana ni amahirwe yo kunoza imikorere. Hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bikozwe mu buryo bwo gupfuka cyangwa irangi rikozwe mu buryo bwa nanostructured, ibice bishobora guhabwa imiterere irenze imiterere y’umwimerere (nk’ubudahangarwa bukabije bwo kwangirika no kudashyuha cyane).

Impinduramatwara ku giciro: Agaciro k'igice kimwe cy'ubuhanga (nk'icyuma cy'ikirahure kimwe, ibikoresho bikomeye) muri moteri y'indege akenshi ni amayuni ibihumbi amagana. Ikiguzi cyo gusana imashini zipfundikiye muri laser ubusanzwe ni 20% -50% gusa by'igice gishya, kandi inyungu mu bukungu ni itangaje.

Akamaro k'ubwikorezi: Ugereranyije n'igihe kirekire cyo gukora no kugura ibikoresho bishya, gusana laser aho ikorera cyangwa hafi y'aho ikorera bishobora kugabanya igihe cyo kudakora ibikoresho by'ingenzi ku kigero kirenga 70%, bigatuma habaho kwitegura kurwana no kunoza imikorere.

Inganda zikora ibikomoka ku bidukikije: kugabanya cyane ikoreshwa ry’ingufu nyinshi nko gucukura ibikoresho fatizo, gushongesha no kurangiza, kugabanya cyane karuboni mu nganda zikora, no guhuza ingamba z’iterambere rirambye ry’inganda zikora indege.