Ihame, imiterere n'ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo kuzimya imirasire ya laser
Kuzimya imirasire ya laser ni inzira igezweho ikoresha imirasire ya laser ifite ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo ishyushye ubuso bw'ibikoresho burenga aho binyura mu cyiciro cyabyo. Uko ibikoresho bikonje mu buryo busanzwe, austenite ihinduka martensite, bigatuma habaho urwego rukomeye rufite ubukana budasanzwe kandi rudashira ku buso bw'ibicuruzwa. Ubu buryo buhindura cyane imiterere n'imiterere y'ubuso bw'ibikoresho bitabangamiye imikorere rusange y'ibikoresho by'ibanze, bigatuma imbaraga ziyongera mu buryo busanzwe binyuze mu gutunganya ubushyuhe bugenzurwa.
Ibiranga kuzimya ubuso hakoreshejwe laser birimo:
Ubucucike bw'ingufu nyinshi: kuzimya ubuso hakoreshejwe imirasire ya laser nk'isoko y'ubushyuhe kugira ngo ishyushye vuba ubuso bw'igikoresho maze ikore austenite.
Gushyushya no gukonjesha vuba: Ubu buryo butuma ubushyuhe bwihuse mu masegonda (ubusanzwe amasegonda 0.01-0.001), bigabanya neza impinduka mu buryo bw'imikorere. Ubu buryo bwo kuzimya busukuye kandi bunoze bukuraho gukenera amazi cyangwa amavuta nk'ibikoresho bikonjesha. Ugereranije no gukonjesha induction, gukonjesha umuriro, no gukaraba, kuzimya hakoreshejwe laser bitanga urwego rukomeye kandi rufite ubukana bwiza (ubusanzwe 1-3HRC iri hejuru ya induction quenching).
Guhindura ibice bike: Uburyo bwo gushyushya no gukonjesha vuba bigabanya guhinduka kw'ibikoresho, bigatuma habaho kugenzura neza ubujyakuzimu bw'ubushyuhe n'inzira. Ibi bituma habaho kwikora hatabayeho gukoresha induction coils zihariye ku bipimo bitandukanye by'ibice, nkuko bikenewe mu gukomeresha induction. Bikuraho kandi ingano y'itanura ijyanye no kuvura ubushyuhe bwa shimi nka carburizing na quenching ku bice binini. Kubera iyo mpamvu, gukomeresha laser birimo gusimbura uburyo gakondo nko gukomeresha induction no kuvura ubushyuhe bwa shimi mu nganda zitandukanye. Cyane cyane, gukomeresha laser bitera guhinduka guke kw'ibikoresho mbere na nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ku bice by'icyuma bishyushye cyane aho ubushyuhe bwo kuzimya buhura neza n'aho gushonga, gukomeresha ubuso bushingiye kuri induction akenshi byangiza impande cyangwa ahantu hadahuje, bigatuma habaho gucika. Gukomera kw'ubuso bwa laser birinda iyi mbogamizi burundu.
Bityo rero, ikwiriye cyane cyane gutunganya ubuso bw'ibice bifite ibisabwa byo hejuru. Umurimo wavuwe ntugomba gusya kandi ushobora gukoreshwa nk'inzira ya nyuma yo kurangiza.
Bikwiriye imiterere igoye: Bishobora gukoreshwa ku bice bifite imiterere igoye nk'imyobo idasobanutse, imyobo y'imbere, imiyoboro mito, ibice bifite inkuta nto, nibindi. Uburyo bukomeye bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye: Bitewe n'ubujyakuzimu bunini bwa laser, nta mbogamizi zikomeye zihari ku bunini, ingano, cyangwa ubuso bw'ibice mu gihe cyo kuzimya. Mu buryo bunyuranye, kuzimya inshuro ziciriritse zisanzweho bisaba ibikoresho byihariye byo gupima induction ku bice bitandukanye;
Ubujyakuzimu bw'ibice bikomeye bya laser busanzwe buri hagati ya 0.3-2.0Mm bitewe n'ibintu nk'imiterere y'ibikoresho, ibipimo, imiterere y'ubuso, n'ibipimo by'ingenzi byo gutunganya. Mu gihe cyo gukora ubuvuzi bwo kuzimya imitsi ku mitsi y'ibikoresho binini byo kohereza cyangwa ibice bya moteri, ubukana bw'ubuso ntibuhinduka. Ibi bikuraho gukenera imashini nyuma yo gutunganya kugira ngo yuzuze ibisabwa byihariye by'imikorere.
Gucana hakoreshejwe laser bikoresha uburyo bubiri bwo gupima: gupima umugozi muto ufite utudomo tw’uruziga cyangwa utw’urukiramende, no gupima umugozi munini hakoreshejwe utudomo tw’umurongo ugororotse. Ubugari bw’agace gakomeye mu gupima umugozi muto buhura neza n’umurambararo w’agace, akenshi muri mm 5. Ku bikorwa binini byo gupima, gupima mu buryo bukurikiranye birakenewe aho uduce duhurirana dukora imigozi yoroshye yo koroshya. Ubugari bw’iyi migozi buterwa n’imiterere y’utudomo, aho utudomo duto tw’urukiramende muri rusange dutanga imigozi mito. Kugira ngo tugabanye ingaruka mbi z’imigozi yoroshye, hakoreshwa ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima umugozi munini. Ubu buryo buhindura utudomo tw’uruziga tw’umurongo ugororotse mo utudomo tw’umurongo ugororotse, bukongera cyane ubugari bwo gupima.
Ubushakashatsi, iterambere, n'ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo kuzimya umuriro hakoreshejwe lazeri muri iki gihe biri mu cyiciro cyo kuzamuka, nubwo imbogamizi zigihari mu gutunganya ibikoresho bifite ishusho igoye. Ariko, nk'uburyo bugezweho bwo kuvura ubushyuhe, kuzimya umuriro hakoreshejwe lazeri bituma intego za tekiniki zigerwaho uko uburyo gakondo bwo kuzimya umuriro bugorana kugeraho. Ikigaragara ni uko iyi nzira ikuraho gukenera gukonjesha ibikoresho mu gihe cyo gukora, bihuye n'ibyo inganda mpuzamahanga ziyemeje ku "gukora ibintu bidakoresha ogisijeni nke kandi bitangiza ibidukikije". Bigaragaza ko bigira akamaro cyane mu kuvura ubushyuhe bw'ibice bitandukanye bya mekanike, harimo gukata impande z'ibikoresho, gufunga ibyuma, ibikoresho bito, ibikoresho bito, ibice by'imodoka, impeta z'ibikoresho, amabwiriza y'ibikoresho by'imashini, imiyoboro ya moteri, n'imiyoboro igabanya ubushyuhe.